Bulk Powder API & Excipient Characterization
Powder behavior, particle-size distribution (PSD), flow, density, wetting, and excipient/active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) physical characterization.
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Each section links to the detailed technique page and to the relevant instrument/platform group on the by-instrument page. This keeps the technique decision connected to the actual analytical platform used to generate the evidence.
Technique sections with instrument links
Chromatography
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), gas chromatography (GC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), preparative liquid chromatography (LC), assay, impurity, residual-solvent, and mixture-separation workflows.
View technique pageDiffraction and Crystallographic Analysis
X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), variable-temperature/humidity diffraction, two-dimensional (2D) diffraction, and crystallographic phase analysis.
View technique pageElemental Analysis
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), inorganic impurity, contaminant, and localized elemental analysis.
View technique pageMass Spectrometry
Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), unknown identification, molecular-weight, trace, and impurity workflows.
View technique pageMicrocrystal Electron Diffraction (MicroED)
Electron diffraction and crystal-structure determination from nanocrystalline material.
View technique pageMicroscopy
Optical microscopy, polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), hot-stage microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), morphology, contaminant, and surface investigations.
View technique pageNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
Liquid-state and solid-state NMR, quantitative NMR (qNMR), multinuclear structure confirmation, and impurity support.
View technique pageParticle Size Analysis and Powder Characterization
Laser diffraction particle-size distribution (PSD), cGMP particle-size methods, powder comparability, and component/morphology correlation.
View technique pagePhysical and Chemical Properties Analysis
Dissolution, polarimetry, contact angle, wetting, pH/conductivity, and solution/solid property measurements.
View technique pageSpectroscopy
Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform Raman (FT-Raman), low-frequency Raman, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, infrared (IR) imaging, ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy, molecular fingerprinting, and chemical mapping.
View technique pageThermal Analysis
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), TGA-infrared (TGA-IR), hot-stage microscopy, microcalorimetry, transition, moisture/volatile, and stability-relevant thermal data.
View technique pageWater Vapor, Karl Fischer, and Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS) Analysis
Water content, hygroscopicity, sorption/desorption, moisture-induced change, and amorphous-content support.
View technique pageCMC Structure Elucidation and Method Support
CMC-focused analytical method, solid-form, structure, impurity, stability, and release-support workflows.
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Use the by-instrument page to see which analytical service pages apply to each platform or detector family.
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